Introduce Pigeon Encyclopedia?

A common bird. It is widely raised around the world, and pigeons are a collective name for hundreds of birds in the family of pigeons. What we usually call pigeons is only one of the pigeons, and it is a pigeon. The pigeon and human beings have a history of thousands of years. The first pigeon image discovered by archeologists comes from Mesopotamia, which is 3000 BC, which is now Iraq.

The main categories of pigeons
The category: wild pigeons and domestic pigeons. Wild pigeons mainly include rocks and trees. After long -term cultivation and screening of the family pigeons, there are various types of edible pigeons, playing pigeons, competing pigeons, military pigeons and experimental pigeons.
The physiological characteristics of pigeons
. They have long wings and strong flying muscles, so they fly quickly and powerful. Pigeon male and female pairing for life. If one of them die, the other party will accept a new spouse after a long time. Pigeons inhabits tall buildings or mountain rock cliffs. Dozens of groups of activities often have faster flight and low flight height. Face -to -eat seeds and fruits on the ground or tree. Building nests with dry grass and small branches in the cliffs and rocks. The nest is flat, and the center is slightly concave. Generally, 2 eggs per nest. Blood white. Family pigeons are domesticated by the original pigeons.
The pigeons like to eat stones
The pigeons like to eat stones, which is related to its special digestive system. Pigeon has no teeth, the food directly swallows into the path, and then stores in the muscle and stomach. The muscles of the pigeons are very tough, the stomach wall muscles are developed, and the inner walls have keratin membranes, and stones are stored in the gastric cavity. After the food enters the muscle and stomach, the gastric wall muscle contraction, keratin, stones, and food rubbing each other, grinding the food. Therefore, stones are equivalent to the role of teeth. Therefore, in order to digest food, pigeons must constantly swallow stones. Pigeons generally can only digest 60%of food, and the rest are discharged with feces.
The breeding habits of pigeons
First of all, pigeons are birds made of “monogamy”. After the pigeons are mature, they are selective for their spouses. Once they are paired, they are emotionally unique and inseparable. Not as dating as other poultry. In the same pigeon group, if the number of male and female pigeons is not equal, the same -sex spouses may also appear in the second or second mothers. After the pigeons paired, the male pigeons participated in the campaign, incubation and nurturing young pigeons. Pigeons need to be paired again after a long time after the widow.
It parents and pigeons to jointly build nests, incubate eggs, and mating pigeons, they will find nesting materials and build nest nests. The male pigeons with good production performance also have the “body of the body”. After the eggs were produced, the male and female pigeons took turns incubating eggs. The male pigeons entered the nest and hatched at 9 am every day. At 5 pm, the hen pigeons entered the nest and hatched until 9 am the next day. In this way, the male and female alternated, day after day until the pigeons were hatched. After the young pigeons hatched, the male and mother pigeons secreted milk milk together to nurture young pigeons. The incubation period of pigeons is generally about 17 days. Beyond this time, the young pigeons have not hatched, and the parents pigeons will abandon the old nest and find a new nest for eggs and then hatch.
Wild pigeons can be reproduced at most 8 times a year under conditions, and two small lives are born each time. The frequency of pigeon breeding depends on the adequacy of food. Little pigeons need about 18-19 days to hatch the shell. Parents will feed the little guy with a special pigeon milk. The little pigeon that just broke the shell will double the weight within a day, but it can open his eyes after four days. After about two months, the pigeons can leave the nest.
The pigeons have strong memory, which can form a certain habit of fixed feed, breeding management procedures, environmental conditions, and call signals, and even solid conditional reflexes. For those who often take care of it, they soon get close to them and remember.
Why do the pigeon heads always move
The eyes of the pigeon are not like humans or owls, but one by one. In this way, the pigeons see the image of the two monocular eyes, not the image formed by the two eyes. So they must continue to move their heads to obtain depth of field information.

A adult pigeon male and female identification method
appearance behavior identification method

male pigeons: adult male pigeons are larger and fat, the top of the head is slightly flat, the eye ring is large and slightly omitted Loose, the eyelids (instantaneous membranes) flashes rapidly, bright and vivid, large nasal tumors, wide forehead, short neck, thick and hard cervical spine, neck feathers are slightly thick purple -green metal luster, which is very gorgeous. The end of the sternum is close to the pubic bone. The anus was convex when closed, and when it opened, it was hexagonal. Adults are lively, love and fight. When walking, they often strode, chasing other pigeons in the pigeons, and making a “gurgling, gurgling” cry. When grabbing pigeons by hand, strong resistance is strong. During the cry, the sound was loud, the neck feathers were loose, the airbags on the neck swelled, the back feathers were raised, the tail feathers were scattered like a fan -shaped, and they screamed while sweeping the tail. If the above appearance and behavior are combined, it is still not enough to identify the male and female, and you can also close the suspected male pigeons and the identified male pigeons in a cage to observe. Fighting should be confirmed as male pigeons.
This pigeons: The structure of adult pigeons is compact and beautiful, with narrow heads, slightly rounded heads, tight eye ring, narrow nasal tumors and tightness. The neck is slender and soft, the neck feathers are slender and soft, and the metal luster is not as gorgeous as male pigeons. The sternum is short and straight, the end of the sternum and the pubic bone is wide, and the distance between the pubic bone is both wide and elastic. The feet are thin and short, the tibia is thinner, the two sides are flat, the main wing feathers and the tip of the chest feathers are pointed, the wings are tight, and the tail feathers are cleaner. When the anus was closed, it was concave, and when it was opened, it was star -shaped. The temperament of the pigeons is relatively docile, and it is not good to fight, often squatting in a remote place or a nest nest. In estrus often follows or snuggle beside the male pigeons. When grabbing pigeons by hand, it has a weak resistance, silent or only a low “grunt” sound. During the cry, the sound was low and short, and the wings trembled slightly. When the male pigeons chase, the hens nodded slightly. If he observes it, the eyes of the hen pigeons are as bright as the male pigeons, but it looks gentle, and the flash of the eyelids is slow. If the above -mentioned observation of appearance and behavior still cannot determine the gender, you can also raise the suspected pigeons with the known male pigeons to a cage. After the separation of avoidance, it can be determined as a hen.
If fake kiss identification
. Another way of kissing: one hand holding pigeons, one hand holding pigeon mouth, and moving up and down at the same time (like pigeons kissing). Generally speaking, the tail drooping is the male pigeon The tail tilted up the pigeons.
The genetic technology identification
At present, with the development of biological science, some people have adopted accompaniment genetic technology to identify male and female. This method is called “self -male and female method.” The principle of this method is to use certain traits that can only be expressed in a single gender to achieve the purpose of identifying male and female. Most of these traits in this application are the length and feather color of pigeon fluff. If you use silver -yellow male pigeons with white Kanye weat pigeons, all the mixed generations of female chick fluff are brown; short fluffy whitecanie pigeons with normal fluffy whitecani pigeons in their descendants are short fluffy It is a pigeon, and all male pigeons are normal fluff. It is currently known that the following breeding system has accompaniment genetic phenomena.
It silver, brown or yellow -brown male pigeons and pigeons with blue or black
blue or black male pigeons and pigeons with mixed red or red stripes n yellow male pigeons and matching Any red pigeon
The short velvete pigeons except apricot and hen with any normal fluff.